利用PHP編程防范XSS跨站腳本攻擊_PHP教程

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      推薦:PHP程序漏洞產生的原因和防范方法
      濫用include   1.漏洞原因:   Include是編寫PHP網站中最常用的函數,并且支持相對路徑。有很多PHP腳本直接把某輸入變量作為Include的參數,造成任意引用腳本、絕對路徑

      國內不少論壇都存在跨站腳本漏洞,國外也很多這樣的例子,甚至Google也出現過,不過在12月初時修正了。(編者注:關于跨站腳本漏洞攻擊,讀者可參閱《詳解XSS跨站腳本攻擊》)。跨站攻擊很容易就可以構造,而且非常隱蔽,不易被查覺(通常盜取信息后馬上跳轉回原頁面)。

        如何攻擊,在此不作說明(也不要問我),主要談談如何防范。首先,跨站腳本攻擊都是由于對用戶的輸入沒有進行嚴格的過濾造成的,所以我們必須在所有數據進入我們的網站和數據庫之前把可能的危險攔截。針對非法的HTML代碼包括單雙引號等,可以使用htmlentities() 。

      <?php
      $str = "A 'quote' is <b>bold</b>";

      // Outputs: A 'quote' is <b>bold</b>
      echo htmlentities($str);

      // Outputs: A 'quote' is <b>bold</b>
      echo htmlentities($str, ENT_QUOTES);
      ?>

        這樣可以使非法的腳本失效。

        但是要注意一點,htmlentities()默認編碼為 ISO-8859-1,如果你的非法腳本編碼為其它,那么可能無法過濾掉,同時瀏覽器卻可以識別和執行。這個問題我先找幾個站點測試后再說。

        這里提供一個過濾非法腳本的函數:

      function RemoveXSS($val) {
       // remove all non-printable characters. CR(0a) and LF(0b) and TAB(9) are allowed
       // this prevents some character re-spacing such as <java\0script>
       // note that you have to handle splits with \n, \r, and \t later since they *are* allowed in some inputs
       $val = preg_replace('/([\x00-\x08][\x0b-\x0c][\x0e-\x20])/', '', $val);

       // straight replacements, the user should never need these since they're normal characters
       // this prevents like <IMG SRC=&#X40&#X61&#X76&#X61&#X73&#X63&#X72&#X69&#X70&#X74&#X3A&#X61&
          _#X6C&#X65&#X72&#X74&#X28&#X27&#X58&#X53&#X53&#X27&#X29>
       $search = 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz';
       $search .= 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ';
       $search .= '1234567890!@#$%^&*()';
       $search .= '~`";:? /={}[]-_|\'\\';
       for ($i = 0; $i < strlen($search); $i ) {
        // ;? matches the ;, which is optional
        // 0{0,7} matches any padded zeros, which are optional and go up to 8 chars

        // &#x0040 @ search for the hex values
        $val = preg_replace('/(&#[x|X]0{0,8}'.dechex(ord($search[$i])).';?)/i', $search[$i], $val); // with a ;
        // &#00064 @ 0{0,7} matches '0' zero to seven times
        $val = preg_replace('/(&#0{0,8}'.ord($search[$i]).';?)/', $search[$i], $val); // with a ;
       }

       // now the only remaining whitespace attacks are \t, \n, and \r
       $ra1 = Array('javascript', 'vbscript', 'expression', 'applet', 'meta', 'xml', 'blink', 'link', 'style', 'script', 'embed', 'object', 'iframe', 'frame', 'frameset', 'ilayer', 'layer', 'bgsound', 'title', 'base');
      $ra2 = Array('onabort', 'onactivate', 'onafterprint', 'onafterupdate', 'onbeforeactivate', 'onbeforecopy', 'onbeforecut', 'onbeforedeactivate', 'onbeforeeditfocus', 'onbeforepaste', 'onbeforeprint', 'onbeforeunload', 'onbeforeupdate', 'onblur', 'onbounce', 'oncellchange', 'onchange', 'onclick', 'oncontextmenu', 'oncontrolselect', 'oncopy', 'oncut', 'ondataavailable', 'ondatasetchanged', 'ondatasetcomplete', 'ondblclick', 'ondeactivate', 'ondrag', 'ondragend', 'ondragenter', 'ondragleave', 'ondragover', 'ondragstart', 'ondrop', 'onerror', 'onerrorupdate', 'onfilterchange', 'onfinish', 'onfocus', 'onfocusin', 'onfocusout', 'onhelp', 'onkeydown', 'onkeypress', 'onkeyup', 'onlayoutcomplete', 'onload', 'onlosecapture', 'onmousedown', 'onmouseenter', 'onmouseleave', 'onmousemove', 'onmouseout', 'onmouseover', 'onmouseup', 'onmousewheel', 'onmove', 'onmoveend', 'onmovestart', 'onpaste', 'onpropertychange', 'onreadystatechange', 'onreset', 'onresize', 'onresizeend', 'onresizestart', 'onrowenter', 'onrowexit', 'onrowsdelete', 'onrowsinserted', 'onscroll', 'onselect', 'onselectionchange', 'onselectstart', 'onstart', 'onstop', 'onsubmit', 'onunload');
       $ra = array_merge($ra1, $ra2);

       $found = true; // keep replacing as long as the previous round replaced something
       while ($found == true) {
        $val_before = $val;
        for ($i = 0; $i < sizeof($ra); $i ) {
         $pattern = '/';
         for ($j = 0; $j < strlen($ra[$i]); $j ) {
          if ($j > 0) {
           $pattern .= '(';
           $pattern .= '(&#[x|X]0{0,8}([9][a][b]);?)?';
           $pattern .= '|(&#0{0,8}([9][10][13]);?)?';
           $pattern .= ')?';
          }
         $pattern .= $ra[$i][$j];
        }
        $pattern .= '/i';
        $replacement = substr($ra[$i], 0, 2).'<x>'.substr($ra[$i], 2); // add in <> to nerf the tag
        $val = preg_replace($pattern, $replacement, $val); // filter out the hex tags
        if ($val_before == $val) {
         // no replacements were made, so exit the loop
         $found = false;
        }
       }
      }
      }

      分享:用PHP與XML聯手進行網站開發
      一、小序   HTML簡單易學又通用,一般的PHP程序就是嵌入在HTML語言之中實現的。但是隨著WEB越來越廣泛的應用,HTML的弱點也越來越明顯了。XML的出現,彌補了這些不足,它提供

      來源:模板無憂//所屬分類:PHP教程/更新時間:2008-08-22
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